{"id":3167,"date":"2026-07-10T23:30:36","date_gmt":"2026-07-10T20:30:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/?p=3167"},"modified":"2026-07-10T23:34:36","modified_gmt":"2026-07-10T20:34:36","slug":"dunyayi-her-cocuga-gore-tasarlayabilir-miyiz-cevap-evrensel-tasarimda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/2026\/07\/10\/dunyayi-her-cocuga-gore-tasarlayabilir-miyiz-cevap-evrensel-tasarimda\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyay\u0131  Her \u00c7ocu\u011fa G\u00f6re Tasarlayabilir Miyiz? Cevap Evrensel Tasar\u0131mda!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc; d\u00fcnya asl\u0131nda kimin i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131? Kald\u0131r\u0131mlar, okul s\u0131ralar\u0131, web siteleri, hatta oyun parklar\u0131\u2026 Hepsi genellikle &#8220;standart, yeti\u015fkin ve hi\u00e7bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu olmayan&#8221; hayali bir insan modeline g\u00f6re in\u015fa edilir. Peki, bu standartlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar ne olacak?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun tekerlekli sandalye kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131fa girememesi, disleksisi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir ders kitab\u0131n\u0131 okuyamamas\u0131 veya otizm spektrumunda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir yemekhanede panik ya\u015famas\u0131 kimin sorunudur? Geleneksel bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 hatay\u0131 \u00e7ocukta bulur ve onu &#8220;kusurlu&#8221; g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Modern ve adil yakla\u015f\u0131m ise \u015funu s\u00f6yler: &#8220;\u00c7ocuk engelli de\u011fildir; \u00e7evre, \u00e7ocu\u011fu engelleyecek \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u0130\u015fte bu gizli engelleri ortadan kald\u0131ran, d\u00fcnyaya tamamen farkl\u0131 bir g\u00f6zle bakmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan harika bir vizyon var: Evrensel Tasar\u0131m.<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Fark\u0131nda Olmak: Empati Kurman\u0131n \u00d6tesine Ge\u00e7mek<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Evrensel tasar\u0131m, \u00f6zel gereksinimli bireyler i\u00e7in &#8220;ayr\u0131, \u00f6zel veya ac\u0131nas\u0131&#8221; alanlar yaratmak demek de\u011fildir. Tam tersine, en ba\u015ftan \u00f6yle bir d\u00fcnya kurmakt\u0131r ki, hi\u00e7 kimsenin hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine veya ekstra bir yard\u0131m istemesine gerek kalmas\u0131n.<br>Bunu anlamak i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yolculu\u011funa \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Kald\u0131r\u0131mlardaki rampalar sadece tekerlekli sandalye kullananlar i\u00e7in de\u011fildir; bebek arabal\u0131 bir baba veya a\u011f\u0131r bir pazar arabas\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bir ya\u015fl\u0131 da oray\u0131 kullan\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Videolardaki altyaz\u0131lar sadece i\u015fitme kayb\u0131 olanlar i\u00e7in de\u011fildir; k\u00fct\u00fcphanede kulakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutan bir \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencisi veya dil \u00f6\u011frenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir yabanc\u0131 da altyaz\u0131dan faydalan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Yani, \u00f6zel gereksinimli bir \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in hayat\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bir tasar\u0131m, asl\u0131nda herkes i\u00e7in hayat\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130yi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir d\u00fcnya, hepimize alan a\u00e7ar.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evrensel Tasar\u0131m\u0131n 7 Temel S\u0131rr\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir okulun, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n veya oyun alan\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;evrensel&#8221; olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l anlar\u0131z? Bilim insanlar\u0131 ve mimarlar, bunu anlamam\u0131z i\u00e7in 7 net kural belirlemi\u015ftir. Gelin bunlar\u0131 e\u011fitim ve \u00e7ocuk g\u00f6z\u00fcyle inceleyelim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Herkes \u0130\u00e7in E\u015fit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tasar\u0131m, herkes i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zel \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 arka kap\u0131dan veya yan taraftan dola\u015ft\u0131rmak ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek: <\/strong>Okulun dijital k\u00fct\u00fcphanesine giren g\u00f6rme yetersizli\u011finden etkilenmi\u015f bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun da, akranlar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 saniyede ve ayn\u0131 kalitede sesli kitaba ula\u015fabilmesi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Esnek ve \u00c7e\u015fitli <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tek bir do\u011fru y\u00f6ntem yoktur. Tasar\u0131m, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n farkl\u0131 h\u0131zlar\u0131na ve fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerine uyum sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek: <\/strong>S\u0131n\u0131fta hem sa\u011f hem sol elle kullan\u0131labilen makaslar bulundurmak veya bir bilgisayar oyununun hem klavyeyle, hem fareyle hem de sadece g\u00f6z hareketleriyle oynanabilmesi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Zeka \u0130stemeyen Netlik <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir \u015feyi kullanmak i\u00e7in dahi olmaya veya \u00e7ok iyi dil bilmeye gerek olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Her \u015fey ilk bak\u0131\u015fta anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> Okul panosundaki g\u00fcnl\u00fck program\u0131n sadece yaz\u0131yla de\u011fil; otizmli veya hen\u00fcz okuma yazma bilmeyen \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n da anlayabilece\u011fi net resim ve sembollerle g\u00f6sterilmesi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Her Duyuya Hitap Eden<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bilgi sadece g\u00f6ze veya sadece kula\u011fa hitap etmemelidir. Biri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmazsa di\u011feri devreye girmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> S\u0131n\u0131ftaki acil durum alarm\u0131n\u0131n sadece y\u00fcksek bir ses \u00e7\u0131karmakla kalmay\u0131p, ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131klar yak\u0131p s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmesi. B\u00f6ylece i\u015fitme yetersizli\u011finden etkilenmi\u015f olan \u00e7ocuk da tehlikeyi an\u0131nda fark eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Hataya Yer Veren <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7ocuklar hata yapar. Tasar\u0131m, bu hatalar\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fu korkutmas\u0131n\u0131 veya ona zarar vermesini engellemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> Dijital bir test uygulamas\u0131nda \u00e7ocuk yanl\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0131kka bast\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ekran\u0131n k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kaplan\u0131p &#8220;Kaybettin!&#8221; demesi yerine, sevimli bir y\u00f6nlendirmeyle &#8220;Tekrar denemek ister misin?&#8221; butonunun \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Yormayan Kolayl\u0131k <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir materyali kullanmak \u00e7ocu\u011fu fiziksel olarak t\u00fcketmemelidir. G\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fil, ak\u0131l devrede olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> S\u0131n\u0131f kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r kollar yerine, kas geli\u015fimi zay\u0131f bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun bile dirse\u011fiyle hafif\u00e7e bast\u0131rarak a\u00e7abilece\u011fi geni\u015f mandallara veya sens\u00f6rlere sahip olmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Rahat Hareket Alan\u0131 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7ocu\u011fun boyu ne olursa olsun, ister ayakta dursun ister tekerlekli sandalyede otursun, her \u015feye rahat\u00e7a uzanabilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00d6rnek: <\/strong>S\u0131n\u0131ftaki lavabolar\u0131n, yaz\u0131 tahtalar\u0131n\u0131n ve oyuncak dolaplar\u0131n\u0131n her boydan \u00e7ocu\u011fun (ve tekerlekli sandalyeli bir \u00f6\u011frencinin) rahat\u00e7a eri\u015febilece\u011fi y\u00fcksekliklerde ve geni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131larda yerle\u015ftirilmesi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Son S\u00f6z: Gelece\u011fi Tasarlamak<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Evrensel tasar\u0131m bir zihniyet meselesidir. E\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, evlerimizi ve d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131 en ba\u015ftan bu kurallara g\u00f6re in\u015fa edersek, gelecekte &#8220;kayna\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6\u011frencisi&#8221;, &#8220;engelli uyarlamas\u0131&#8221; veya &#8220;\u00f6zel s\u0131n\u0131f&#8221; gibi ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kelimelere ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z kalmayacaak.<br>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc engelsiz bir d\u00fcnya, ancak her \u00e7ocu\u011fun e\u015fit kabul edildi\u011fi bir tasar\u0131mla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc; d\u00fcnya asl\u0131nda kimin i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131? Kald\u0131r\u0131mlar, okul s\u0131ralar\u0131, web siteleri, hatta oyun parklar\u0131\u2026 Hepsi genellikle &#8220;standart, yeti\u015fkin ve hi\u00e7bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu olmayan&#8221; hayali bir insan modeline g\u00f6re [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":3172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[155,200,149],"class_list":["post-3167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aile-rehberligi","tag-evrensel-tasarim","tag-kapsayici-egitim","tag-ozel-egitim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3167"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3257,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3167\/revisions\/3257"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3172"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozelegitim.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}